Classwork for Thursday 2/5/2009

DO WHATCHA KNOW!
Have you ever seen a movie about the “Wild” West? What characters do you usually see in these films? What kind of interaction do they usually have? Who are the good guys?

INTRO TO NEW MATERIAL
Frontier is seen as “free land” but was really a place where cultures often clashed
o Manifest Destiny - an idea popular during the 1840s stating it was the right and duty of the United States to expand its boundaries

In 1862, two things prompt people to move West
o Homestead Act - a law passed in 1862 that removed native Americans from their lands and gave 160 acres of free land in the West to anyone who would go there and live on the land for five years
o Union-Pacific railroad connects Atlantic and Pacific Oceans and makes cross-country travel easier

U.S. Army clashes with native Americans in West
o Dawes Act - the act passed by Congress in 1887 that tried to "Americanize" the Indians by breaking up the tribal system
o Massacre at Wounded Knee – the 1890 massacre of more than 200 unarmed Lakota Sioux by the U.S. Army at Wounded Knee Creek, SD

Other groups have clashes as well
o African Americans head West to flee Jim Crow laws in South
o Chinese Americans continue to experience discrimination

GUIDED PRACTICE
As a class, we will complete SOAPS on the primary source Frederick Jackson Turner Articulates the Frontier Thesis.
Next, you will work with your table to complete SOAPS on Southern Freedmen Resolve to Move West.

INDEPENDENT PRACTICE
You many choose to examine one of three primary sources: “The End of the Dream,”
Big Foot's camp after Battle of Wounded Knee; U.S. soldiers amid scattered debris of camp, or the song “Big Foot,” by Johnny Cash. Complete SOAPS if you choose Black Elk or Johnny Cash; complete the Analyzing Photographs question if you choose the photograph.

LEARNING LOG
Pretend that it’s 1884, and you’ve just moved your family from New Orleans to Wyoming. Write a letter home to your mother in New Orleans, telling her about why you moved and how you get along with other settlers in Wyoming.

Unit 2 Guide

UNIT 2: INDUSTRIALIZATION & MIGRATION
February 2-6
BIG IDEAS
After the Civil War, American industry was forever changed because of improvements in steel production, the growth of transcontinental railroads, and an increase in mass-producing factories.

While the owners of these newly booming businesses became wealthy, their workers formed unions to help them earn fair treatment and pay.

Despite the disagreements between industrialists and workers, the promise of jobs and prosperity lured immigrants to the United States from every corner of the world.

While American cities flourished, many Americans headed to the rural west to find their fortunes, often causing conflict between native Americans, immigrants, and black and white migrants.

VOCABULARY & PEOPLE
monopoly
trust
social Darwinism
Sherman Anti-Trust Act
Andrew Carnegie
Thomas Edison
Cornelius Vanderbilt

strike
sweatshop
populist
Haymarket affair
American Federation of Labor
Samuel Gompers

emigrant/immigrant
urbanization
quota
assimilation
Chinese Exclusion Act

Homestead Act
Massacre at Wounded Knee
Manifest Destiny
Dawes Act
Frederick Jackson Turner

UNIT ASSESSMENT
The Unit 4 Assessment will be a traditional test with multiple choice and constructed response questions. It will take place on Friday, February 6, 2009.

PRIMARY & SECONDARY SOURCES (10 points each)
You will read/examine the following primary and secondary sources, and complete either the Analyzing Photographs questions, or a SOAPS with SOAPbox. Sources with a • are required; on each day, you must choose one of the sources with a o.

Monday
•Promoting Chattanooga, Tennessee, 1896
•Harriet Robinson: Lowell Mill Girls, 1883
oEdison’s Patent for Electric Light, 1880
oMrs. W.C. Lathrop’s Letter to Edison, 1921

Tuesday
•Steel Magnate Andrew Carnegie Preaches a Gospel of Wealth, 1889 (only read paragraphs 1, 2, 5, 6, 8, 13, 14, 18, 19, 24, 25)
•Unionist Samuel Gompers Asks “What Does the Working Man Want?” 1890
oImmigrant Thomas O’Donnell Laments the Plight of the Worker, 1883
oPullman Workers, Statement to the American Railway Union, 1894

Wednesday
•A Slovenian Boy Remembers Tales of the Golden Country, 1909 (read pages 3-6)
•White Americans Protest the Chinese Exclusion Act, 1902
oEmma Lazarus, "The New Colossus," 1883
oImmigrants on an Atlantic Liner, 1906

Thursday
•Frederick Jackson Turner Articulates the Frontier Thesis, 1893 (you don't need to write answers to the questions)
•Southern Freedmen Resolve to Move West, 1879
oBlack Elk, “The End of the Dream,” 1932
oBig Foot's camp after Battle of Wounded Knee; U.S. soldiers amid scattered debris of camp, 1891
o“Big Foot,” Johnny Cash, 1972

All work is due on Friday, February 6. No late work will be accepted.

Southern Freedmen Resolve to Move West, 1879

From W.E.B. DuBois, "Economic Cooperation Among Negro Americans," Twelfth Annual Atlanta conference, 1907

Finally all the movements culminated in a great convention at Nashville, Tenn., May 6-9,1879. Here were gathered 139 representatives from Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia and the. District of Columbia.... This, the most representative Negro convention ever assembled in the South, said in its address:

Fifteen years have elapsed since our emancipation, and though we have made material advancement as citizens, yet we are forced to admit that obstacles have been constantly thrown in our way to obstruct and retard our progress, Our toil is still unrequited, hardly less under freedom than slavery, whereby we are sadly oppressed by poverty and ignorance, and consequently prevented from enjoying the blessings of liberty, while we are left to the shame and contempt of all mankind. This unfortuate state of affairs is because of the intolerant spirit exhibited on the part of the men who control the state governments of the South today. Free speech in many localities is not tolerated. The lawful exercise of the rights of citizenship is denied when majorities must be overcome. Proscription meets us on every hand; in the school-room, in the church that sings praises to that God who made of one blood all the nations of the earth; in places of public amusement, in the jury box, and in the local affairs of government we are practically denied the rights and privileges of freemen.

We can not expect to rise to the dignity of true manhood under the system of labor and pay as practically carried out in some portions of the South today. Wages are low at best, but when paid in scrip having no purchasing power beyond the prescribed limits of the landowner, it must appear obviously plain that our condition must ever remain the same; but with a fair adjustment between capital and labor, we as a race, by our own industry, would soon be placed beyond want and in a self-sustaining condition . . . . . .

Resolved, That it is the sense of this conference that the great current of migration which has for the past few months taken so many of our people from their homes in the South, and which is still carrying hundreds to the free and fertile West, should be encouraged and kept in motion until those who remain are accorded every right and privilege guaranteed by the constitution and laws.

Resolved, That we recommend great care on the part of those who migrate. They should leave home well prepared with certain knowledge of localities to which they intend to move; money enough to pay their passage and enable them to begin life in their new homes with prospect of ultimate success.